Linux下使用KVM虚拟机安装Windows系统

简单介绍：

机时，必须加载virtio-win驱动才能识别virtio磁盘，否则会出现‌找不到驱动器错误。

2、virtio-win驱动下载地址：

https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/

3、Windows版本不同，需要的驱动也不一样，高版本的驱动有可能不支持低版本的Windows系统

4、我们安装Windows7和Windows Server 2025这两个操作系统为例来说明在KVM虚拟机安装Windows系统的基本步骤

5、win7适用的virtio-win驱动

https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/archive-virtio/virtio-win-0.1.173-9/virtio-win-0.1.173.iso 
https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/archive-virtio/virtio-win-0.1.173-9/virtio-win-gt-x64.msi

6、win2025适用的virtio-win驱动

https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/archive-virtio/virtio-win-0.1.271-1/virtio-win-0.1.271.iso 
https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/archive-virtio/virtio-win-0.1.271-1/virtio-win-gt-x64.msi

说明：

virtio-win-0.1.173.iso和virtio-win-0.1.271.iso是安装Windows系统需要的磁盘驱动。
virtio-win-gt-x64.msi是在系统安装完成后，进入系统后安装的网卡等驱动程序。

具体操作：

1、上传Windows系统镜像文件到kvm存储池-存储卷

ssh连接到kvm宿主机，上传系统镜像和virtio-win镜像文件到/data/libvirt/iso目录

cn_windows_7_ultimate_with_sp1_x64_dvd_u_677408.iso
zh-cn_windows_server_2025_updated_jan_2025_x64_dvd_7a8e5a29.iso
virtio-win-0.1.173.iso
virtio-win-0.1.271.iso

2、创建kvm虚拟机

2.1创建win7虚拟机

#在ssh命令行操作
virt-install \
--name win7-01 \
--vcpu 2 \
--memory 4096 \
--disk path=/data/libvirt/images/win7-01.qcow2,size=40,bus=virtio \
--cdrom /data/libvirt/iso/cn_windows_7_ultimate_with_sp1_x64_dvd_u_677408.iso \
--disk path=/data/libvirt/iso/virtio-win-0.1.173.iso,device=cdrom \
--network bridge=br0 \
--graphics vnc,port=5901 \
--os-type windows \
--noautoconsole

2.2创建win server 2025虚拟机

virt-install \
--name win-server-2025-01 \
--vcpu 2 \--memory 4096 \
--disk path=/data/libvirt/images/win-server-2025-01.qcow2,size=40,bus=virtio \
--cdrom /data/libvirt/iso/zh-cn_windows_server_2025_updated_jan_2025_x64_dvd_7a8e5a29.iso \
--disk path=/data/libvirt/iso/virtio-win-0.1.271.iso,device=cdrom \
--network bridge=br0 \
--graphics vnc,port=5902 \
--os-type windows \--noautoconsole

3、进入kvm虚拟机的web控制台Cockpit

切换到虚拟机菜单，可以看到我们刚才创建的虚拟机了

我们先点击win7-01虚拟机